CBC or complete blood count is a routine blood test done on most patients admitted in the hospital or for medical clearance. It is comprised of six parameters:
1) Hemoglobin- is used to determine the amount of a carrier protein for O2. A decrease in Hemoglobin indicates anemia.
2) Red blood Cell count- this is used to determine adequate RBC production or the presence of RBC destruction.
3) White Blood Cell Count- these cells are the soldiers of the body. They protect as in cases of bacterial, viral or parasitic infection. Elevation of these cells indicates infection.
4) Hematocrit-the percentage of the solid components of the blood in relation to the whole blood. This is used to assess possible dehydration or significant increase in the different blood cell types.
5) WBC differential count- This represents percentage of the different WBC. An increase in neutrophil indicates bacterial infection, Eosinophils increases due to allergic or parasitic infection, Basophils rises due to aalergic reactions because they release histamine, leukemias or cancers. Lymphocytosis (increase in lymphocyte count is associated with viral infections. Monocytes rise due to chronic illnesses.
6) Platelet count is important in clotting of blood to prevent it from hemorrhage.
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